Possible causes include drinking too little water, exercise too much or too little , obesity, weight loss surgery, or eating food with too much salt or sugar. Infections and family history might be important in some people. Eating too much fructose correlates with increasing risk of developing a kidney stone.
Fructose can be found in table sugar and high fructose corn syrup. Some kidney stones are as small as a grain of sand. Others are as large as a pebble. A few are as large as a golf ball! As a general rule, the larger the stone, the more noticeable are the symptoms. The kidney stone starts to hurt when it causes irritation or blockage. This builds rapidly to extreme pain.
In most cases, kidney stones pass without causing damage-but usually not without causing a lot of pain. Pain relievers may be the only treatment needed for small stones. Other treatment may be needed, especially for those stones that cause lasting symptoms or other complications. In severe cases, however, surgery may be required. The treatment for kidney stones is similar in children and adults.
You may be asked to drink a lot of water. Doctors try to let the stone pass without surgery. You may also get medication to help make your urine less acid. But if it is too large, or if it blocks the flow of urine, or if there is a sign of infection, it is removed with surgery. Shock-wave lithotripsy is a noninvasive procedure that uses high-energy sound waves to blast the stones into fragments that are then more easily passed out in the urine.
In ureteroscopy , an endoscope is inserted through the ureter to retrieve or obliterate the stone. See a doctor as soon as possible. You may be asked to drink extra fluid in an attempt to flush out the stone out in the urine. If you strain your urine and can save a piece of the stone that has passed, bring it to your doctor. Or, the stone may need to be removed with surgery.
Diagnosis of a kidney stone starts with a medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests. Your doctors will want to know the exact size and shape of the kidney stones.
This can be done with a high resolution CT scan from the kidneys down to the bladder or an x-ray called a "KUB x-ray'' kidney-ureter-bladder x-ray which will show the size of the stone and its position. The KUB x-ray is often obtained by the surgeons to determine if the stone is suitable for shock wave treatment.
The KUB test may be used to monitor your stone before and after treatment, but the CT scan is usually preferred for diagnosis. In some people, doctors will also order an intravenous pyelogram or lVP, a special type of X- ray of the urinary system that is taken after injecting a dye.
Second, your doctors will decide how to treat your stone. The health of your kidneys will be evaluated by blood tests and urine tests.
Your overall health, and the size and location of your stone will be considered. Stones can also form from uric acid, which is a byproduct of protein metabolism. Drink plenty of water: Drinking extra water dilutes the substances in urine that lead to stones.
Strive to drink enough fluids to pass 2 liters of urine a day, which is roughly eight standard 8-ounce cups. It may help to include some citrus beverages, like lemonade and orange juice. The citrate in these beverages helps block stone formation. Eat calcium rich foods: Dietary calcium binds to oxalate in your intestines and thereby decreases the amount of oxalate that gets absorbed into the bloodstream and then excreted by the kidney.
Sometimes, when you have too much waste and not enough fluid in your blood, these wastes can build up and stick together in your kidneys. These clumps of waste are called kidney stones. Usually, your kidneys remove waste from your blood to make urine pee. When there is too much waste in your blood and your body is not producing enough urine, crystals begin to form in your kidneys.
These crystals attract other wastes and chemicals to form a solid object a kidney stone that will get larger unless it is passed out of your body in your urine.
Kidney stones can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a golf ball. Anyone can get a kidney stone, but some people are more likely than others to have them. Men get kidney stones more often than women do.
Kidney stones are also more common in non-Hispanic white people than in people of other ethnicities. You may also be more likely to have kidney stones if:. If you have a very small kidney stone that moves easily through your urinary tract, you may not have any symptoms, and may never know that you had a kidney stone. The treatment for a kidney stone depends on the size of the stone, what it is made of, whether it is causing pain and whether it is blocking your urinary tract.
Some stones will pass on their own. Others need treatment with sound waves or surgery to break them up or remove them. Call your doctor if you have any symptoms of kidney stones. Get medical help right away if you have these symptoms, which could indicate that you have an infection or other serious complication:.
Read this article in Spanish. The most common home remedies for kidney stones involve drinking different fluids, including just water, to help flush your stones out and prevent new…. Lithotripsy is a medical procedure used to treat kidney stones. We break down some of the basics surrounding what masculinity is, how it harms men, and what we can do about it. Ruined orgasms are about control, domination, and power.
And with the right partner s , these aspects of kink can all be super sexy. Autosexual people are mainly sexually attracted to themselves. They typically experience little to no sexual attraction to other people. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Medically reviewed by Judith Marcin, M. Back, belly, or side pain Pain during urination Urinary urgency Blood in urine Cloudy or smelly urine Low urine volume Nausea and vomiting Fever and chills The bottom line What are kidney stones?
Pain in the back, belly, or side. Pain or burning during urination. Urgent need to go. Blood in the urine.
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